Chest
Volume 111, Issue 4, April 1997, Pages 844-845
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Editorials
Obesity and Pulmonary Function: More or Less?

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    It has been documented that central obesity is believed to provide mechanical hindrance to respiration. Fat stored within the abdominal cavity, abdominal wall and chest wall produces mechanical load and is likely to directly compress the thoracic cage, diaphragm, and lung and thus reduce lung volumes [20]. Also obesity may cause peripheral airways disease and air trapping.

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    In contrast, in our study, overweight and obese participants had significantly lower values of FEV1/FVC compared with those with normal BMI. In the able-bodied, the effect of obesity on pulmonary function has been attributed to thoracic cage compression.36,37 This effect might be expected to reduce airway caliber due to a reduced TLC.

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    The compliance of the respiratory system is less (mass loading)5 12 and lung volumes such as FRC and VC are reduced. Although VC increases in parallel with the BMI within the normal weight range, VC decreases progressively in more obese patients.12–15 The effect of obesity on other spirometric measurements is less clear.

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    Obesity is associated with reductions in lung volumes, particularly vital capacity (VC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) [1–4].

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