Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in children: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Claudia Ciceri Cesa; Graciele Sbruzzi; Rodrigo Antonini Ribeiro; Sandra Mari Barbiero; Rosemary de Oliveira Petkowicz; Bruna Eibel; Natássia Bigolin Machado; Renata das Virgens Marques; Gabriela Tortato; Tiago Jerônimo dos Santos; Carina Leiria; Beatriz D'Agord Schaan; Lucia Campos Pellanda

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.08.014

Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in children: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Prev Med. 2014 Dec:69:54-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.08.014. Epub 2014 Aug 29.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil. Electronic address: claudia.c.cesa@gmail.com.
² Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Physical Education, Rua Felizardo Furtado, 750. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul90670-090, Brazil. Electronic address: grazi_sbruzzi@hotmail.com.
³ Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Institute of Education and Research, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 910. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-001, Brazil. Electronic address: rodrigo.ribeiro@htanalyze.com.
⁴ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil. Electronic address: barbierosandra@gmail.com.
⁵ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil. Electronic address: rosepetkowicz@gmail.com.
⁶ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil. Electronic address: bruna_eibel@yahoo.com.br.
⁷ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Avenida Osvaldo Aranha, 245. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil. Electronic address: natassiabigo@gmail.com.
⁸ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Avenida Osvaldo Aranha, 245. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil. Electronic address: renata.marques.v@gmail.com.
⁹ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Avenida Osvaldo Aranha, 245. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil. Electronic address: gabrielatortato@gmail.com.
¹⁰ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil. Electronic address: tiagojer@gmail.com.
¹¹ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil. Electronic address: carinaleiria@yahoo.com.br.
¹² Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil; Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, prédio 12, 4 andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003, Brazil. Electronic address: beatrizschaan@gmail.com.
¹³ Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370/3 andar. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-000, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Avenida Osvaldo Aranha, 245. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil. Electronic address: lupellanda@gmail.com.

PMID: 25175591
DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.08.014

Abstract

Objective: To assess the effects of physical activity interventions in preventing cardiovascular risk factors in childhood through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

Methods: A search of online databases (PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL) was conducted from inception until June 2013. RCTs enrolling children 6-12years old conducted physical activity interventions longer than 6months, assessing their effect on body mass index (BMI), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were included. Data analysis was performed using a random-effects model.

Results: Of 23.091 articles retrieved, 11 RCTs (10.748 subjects) were included. Physical activity interventions were not associated with reductions of BMI [-0.03kg/m(2) (95%CI -0.16, 0.13) I(2) 0%]. However, there was an association between the interventions and reduction of SBP [-1.25mmHg (95%CI -2.47, -0.02) I(2) 0%], DBP [-1.34mmHg (95%CI -2.57, -0.11) I(2) 43%] and TG [-0.09mmol/L (95%CI -0.14, -0.04) I(2) 0%], and increase of TC [0.14mmol/L (95%CI 0.01, 0.27) I(2) 0%].

Conclusion: As physical activity intervention programs lasting longer than 6months are associated with reductions in blood pressure levels and triglycerides, they should be considered to be included in prevention programs for cardiovascular diseases in schoolchildren.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Child; Exercise; Lipids; Motor activity; Obesity.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Blood Pressure / physiology
Body Mass Index
Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*
Child
Cholesterol / blood
Exercise / physiology*
Humans
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Risk Factors
Triglycerides / blood

Substances

Triglycerides
Cholesterol