The foot and ankle are frequently injured in athletic activities. In addition to acute injuries such as ankle sprains and fractures, a variety of overuse injuries are seen. A thorough knowledge of the mechanism of injury and the course of the healing process is essential for the comprehensive rehabilitation of such injuries. Recovery progresses through several phases. If selected appropriately, modalities and therapeutic exercise can work together to facilitate the healing process at each phase. Many injuries could be averted by preventive exercise, judicious use of taping and bracing, and recognition and correction of biomechanical faults.