Mounting evidence has firmly established that low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)
are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and mortality …

Background—Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) is common and
characterized by exercise intolerance and lack of proven effective therapies. Exercise …

Maximal oxygen uptake is a physiological characteristic bounded by the parametric limits of
the Fick equation:(left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic volume− LV end‐systolic volume)× heart …

In 1996, following a multi-specialty Consensus Conference sponsored by the American
Academy of Neurology and the American Autonomic Society, a brief definition of orthostatic …

Levine, Benjamin D., and James Stray-Gundersen.“Living high-training low”: effect of
moderate-altitude acclimatization with low-altitude training on performance. J. Appl. Physiol …

To test the hypothesis that spontaneous changes in cerebral blood flow are primarily
induced by changes in arterial pressure and that cerebral autoregulation is a frequency …

Orthostatic intolerance occurs commonly after spaceflight, and important aspects of the
underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We studied 14 individuals supine and standing …

The American College of Cardiology (ACC) has a long history of developing documents (eg,
decision pathways, health policy statements, appropriate use criteria) to provide members …

Background—Left ventricular compliance appears to decrease with aging, which may
contribute to the high incidence of heart failure in the elderly. However, whether this change …

Cardiac muscle adapts well to changes in loading conditions. For example, left ventricular
(LV) hypertrophy may be induced physiologically (via exercise training) or pathologically …